New study highlights the potential of AI-assisted digital cytology to support the NHS Cervical Screening Programme
A new study published in BMJ Open suggests that introducing AI-assisted digital cytology into England's NHS Cervical Screening Programme could significantly improve laboratory efficiency and help address long-standing workforce challenges.
Using a model based on the current NHS cervical screening pathway, researchers estimated that AI-assisted digital cytology could reduce the laboratory staff time required to review and report cervical cytology slides by almost 70%, while maintaining the essential role of expert biomedical scientists and consultant cytopathologists in making the final diagnostic decisions.
The study concludes that the technology has the potential to:
- substantially reduce the staff time required to screen and report cervical cytology slides;
- help mitigate workforce shortages affecting cervical screening laboratories;
- improve turnaround times for patients; and
- strengthen the resilience and sustainability of cervical screening services.
Importantly, the authors note that AI is intended to support, rather than replace, skilled laboratory professionals. Human expertise remains central to reviewing and reporting cervical cytology, with AI acting as a tool to streamline workflow and prioritise areas requiring closer examination.
The paper also recognises that successful implementation will depend on local laboratory workflows, digital infrastructure, validation, training and quality management. The findings are based on modelling, and the authors recommend further real-world NHS studies to confirm the predicted time savings and wider service benefits.
The British Association for Cytopathology welcomes research that explores innovative approaches to supporting the cervical screening workforce and ensuring high-quality, timely services for patients. As digital pathology and artificial intelligence continue to evolve, it is essential that implementation is evidence-based and supports the expertise of the highly skilled professionals delivering cervical cytology services.
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